In COVID-19 patients treated with lopinavir

[zakiyatasnim]

Classification-based therapy

Pulmonary edema
Ephedra herb 6 g, Armeniacae Amarumg seed 10 g, Beadwort seed 30 g, Licorice root 6 g, Baikal skullcap root 15 g, Huoxiang herbal tincture 10 g, Reed rhizome 30 g, Cyrtomium rhizome 15 g, Indian Buead 20 g, Chinese atractylodes rhizome 12 g, Magnolia officinalis bark 12 g
(2) External Cold and Internal Heat
Ephedra herb 9 g, raw gypsum fibrous 30 g, Armeniacae Amarumg seed 10 g, licorice root 6 g, baicalensis skullcap root 15 g, Pericarpium Trichosanthis 20 g, Aurantii fruit 15 g, Magnolia officinalis bark 12 g, Tripterospermum Cordifolium 20 g, white mulberry root 15 g, Pinellia tubers 12 g, Indian Buead 20 g, Platycodon root 9 g,
(3) Alternating Cold-Heat
Pinellia tubers 12g, Baikal skullcap root 15g, golden thread 6g, dried ginger 6g, Chinese date 15g, Kudzuvin root 30g, Costustoot 10g, Indian Buead 20g, Thunberg Fritillary bulb 15g, bead seed 30g, licorice root 6g.
(4) Inner block of epidemic toxin
Use to treat cheongsimhwan.
(5) Deficiency of Qi in the Lungs and Spleen
Membranous Milkvetch Root 30g, Pilose Asiabell Root 20g, Roasted Large-headed Atractylodes Rhizome 15g, Indian Buead 20g, Amomi Fruit 6g, Siberian Solomonseal Rhizome 15g, Pinellia Tuber 10g, Tangerine Peel 6g, Wingde Yan Rhizome 20g, Nelumbinis Seed 15g, Chinese Date 15g,
Patients at different stages require different approaches. One dose per day. The medicine is boiled in water. Taken every morning and evening.

XIII. Use of drug therapy in patients with COVID-19

patients often have complications of underlying diseases and receive various types of drugs. Therefore, we should pay more attention to adverse drug reactions and drug interactions to avoid drug-induced japan number data organ damage and improve treatment effectiveness.

1 Identification of adverse drug reactions

/ritonavir antiviral therapy combined with arbidol, the incidence of liver dysfunction was shown to be 51.9%. Multivariate analysis showed that antiviral drugs and other concomitant medications were two independent risk factors for liver dysfunction. Therefore, monitoring for adverse drug reactions should be strengthened; unnecessary drug combinations should be reduced. The main adverse reactions of antiviral drugs include:

Lopinavir/ritonavir and darunavir/cobicistat: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, increased serum aminotransferase, jaundice, dyslipidemia, increased lactic acid levels. Symptoms resolve after discontinuation of the drug.
Arbidol: increased serum aminotransferase and jaundice. In combination with lopinavir, the incidence of complications is even higher. After discontinuation of the drug, the symptoms disappear. Sometimes, a slowdown in heart rate may be caused; therefore, the combination of arbidol with beta-receptor inhibitors such as metoprolol and propranolol should be avoided. We suggest stopping these drugs when the heart rate drops below 60 / min.
Fapilavir: increased plasma uric acid, diarrhea, neutropenia, shock, fulminant hepatitis, acute kidney injury. Adverse reactions were usually observed in elderly patients or patients who had cytokine storm.
Chloroquine phosphate: dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, various types of skin rashes. The most serious adverse reaction is cardiac arrest. The main adverse reaction is eye toxicity.